The community needs a security force for both offensive and defensive purposes. In assent with the age old advice of having a citizen military force, not relying on auxiliary or mercenary forces I add my voice that to perfect this advice the community must also not rely on imported arms but must develop its military industries or the supply of all the arms and materials needed for security.
The use of mercenary in whatever forms, and reliance on foreign means of prosecuting wars are delusive because they give a false sense of strength and reliability while in practicality they are empty and lead only, to one’s chagrin, a humiliating defeat in baffle mid. No community can import arms to fight the exporter country. The arms industry starting from the manufacturing to the trade is a mafia controlled and tightly guarded business. The members of the cartel are in touch with one another and control what arms are supplied to any nations or groups. They can arm at the same time the two sides in the conflict. Those who sell arms are interested only in the volume of sales and profits and not in the victory in war of either side. No nations will sell their sophisticated and best weapons to any other nations unless the weapons have become obsolete or commonplace or to test the new weapons.
Security Goal
The security goal is to secure the community and protect its vital interests at home and abroad.
Defence Policy
Have the armed forces well organized, and well prepared at all times, maintaining a state of readiness for mobilization at any given time. The community might not be the aggressor but it must be able to strike back devastatingly.
There must be unity of the different service branches for effective decision-making, and to formulate plan on how best to defend the community and which weapons are best suited for the purpose.
There must be integrated plan for acquisition of weapons and kit, and deployment of forces for effective security and defence of the community.
The Defence Ministry must keep abreast of modem warfare and the development of military strategy by other communities.
Maintaining the community in the position of domination of the region as the strongest military power.
Build up of a military might superior to the combined strength of the neighbouring communities.
While it is all right to aim high the community must be mindful of reality that nature has not blessed anyone nation or person with the monopoly of superiority over the rest of mankind at all times. It must know when to take the initiative or when to stop. It must assess and be abreast of the capabilities of the enemies of their combined strength and so come to know who not do battle with or when not to do battle.
Security Objective
To make the community strong, capable of both offensive, and defensive attack.
To keep the community strong by one’s effort and at a minimal cost
To make swift conscription and mobilization at any given time.
To be able to wage and sustain wars simultaneously in multiple fronts and win battles
To ward off enemies
To punish any aggressor and rout its armed forces to the point of paralysis and total Collapse.
Every modem nation is pursuing Prussian militarism without admitting it. In wars with any forces the community should be well prepared ahead to do battles to win. Should it be beaten it must not be beaten like rats and shamed. When it wins it should win not by slim margin but decisively.
Categorization — The security force shall comprise the intelligence service, the Civil Defence, the Police and the Military.
The Intelligence Service is to provide security (espionage) to know what other communities are doing especially in relation to her and to forestall an attack on her.
The Civil Defence and Police are to maintain internal order.
The military is to quell internal subversion and ward off external aggression. It can also be used to further the foreign interest of the community.
The community should be able to guarantee security of life, limb, and property of its citizens. The people should be free to enjoy their lives without undue fear. A farmer can plant with confidence that he will reap. An industrialist, a financier, and a merchant can invest in their business in the hope of making profits without fear of robbers. A man can build a house and expect to live in it and pass it on to his children. This calls for collective and dedicated security.
The people should be strong individually and collectively, and be well organized to be able to uphold their human dignity and to defend or avenge as necessary an onslaught even on a single citizen no matter his or her status in life. It must be clear to the whole world that the community values the lives of her citizens and is prepared to go to any length to safeguard their liberty and security.
Strong Defence Force — No civilization can survive for long if it is not capable of defending itself. A community that has a lofty ambition must put its main reliance on a competent and efficient security machine that can swiftly be mobilized and deployed. With such a machine at her disposal, other communities will take her into their calculations and will not dare to undermine her or launch a preemptive strike on her. They know that an attack on her will at best, be a protracted war which neither side can win, if not their own outright and humiliating defeat.
The strength of the community has to exist and be felt. The people must be strong and. tough. Pacifism is a self policy. It comes through fear or the awareness of one’s weakness and lethargy. Diffidence brings about fear, lack of forcefulness, and readiness to compromise. Fear makes, people to be half-hearted, vacillating, shirking responsibility and ending up in cowardly tolerance of even recognized abuses. The people should be bold and have death-defying courage. They should not be reserved. They should be assertive. It pays to be hawkish. If one can fight and is ready to fight people give one peace and freedom. The community has to build up a military of whose onslaught or advance the enemy cannot halt by itself. The defence force must be composed of fighting men of most terrifying efficiency a ruthlessness. It should be realized that fighting is not restricted to ammunition; it can be hand-to-hand fight. The military training should be rigorous enough to steel and make them impervious to pain, that they be able to meet any confrontation face-to-face, man to-man, and fight to finish. The community should be able to wage and win wars of any kind. War is peace. It is good to be strong one can retain loyalty of allies and deter adversaries.
Necessity of War — War is necessary to defend and preserve a civilization from barbaric adventurists. At the same time war j necessary to extend civilization as Alexander the Great used war to extend the Hellenic civilization. However, in modem times Satellite TV and Internet serve better to extending civilization than does war.
Preparedness — The readiness or preparedness of the armed forces in times of peace for war is the capacity to swiftly deploy troops whether taken by surprise or well aware of the forthcoming attack. It could also imply the capacity to start a war and prosecute it successfully.
Surprise Attack — From defensive, if that is the case, the military must bring itself to the position of offensive in a very short time. If a community is militarily strong and powerful a surprise attack and even an initial setback can be reversed to bring the aggressor to retreat, to his knees and utter defeat.
The authority must never take any military manoeuvre of belligerent or even friendly neighbours for granted. It should take it as a decoy to launch a preemptive attack. Therefore it should put its own military at alert.
The nation must have a well-maintained surveillance unit at alert at all times.
How to Counter and Win a Pre-Emptive Attack
The frontline units must put forth a tenacious courage and determination irrespective of the fire power or the overwhelming strength of the enemy, hold on to the lines until the arrival of reinforcements. This necessitates that the troops deployed to the borders should be of the best cadre.
The Headquarters must get down to work instantly to plan thoroughly and promptly and arrive at the correct decision to deploy troops and materials to the various fronts.
The military must be resourceful to meet unexpected demands at the fronts.
In times of peace, an unprovoked, pre-emptive attack from any directions should be planned for.
Multiple Fronts
Having to fight wars in multiple fronts, that is involving two or more enemies at the same time and in opposite ends should as much as possible be averted, by diplomatic means or by whatever means to stave off one or other of the belligerents. There will always be another day to settle scores with adversaries.
Experience shows that sometimes war in multiple fronts cannot be avoided; some countries may gang-up and launch a preemptive attack on one from different directions at the same time. In modem times we have witnessed the Arab-Israeli open armed conflicts of 1948, 1967, 1973 where a highly disadvantaged Israel had had to contend in multiple fronts against the combined armed forces of vastly greater Arab numerical strength and armaments. In all those wars Israel routed the enemies and acquired or occupied more territories from its attackers.
So it is my submission that community that aspires to be secure should plan for and train to successfully prosecute a campaign in multiple fronts.
What Determines Victory in War — It is not the size of the armed forces. It is not the quantity or sophistication of armaments. It is basically the fighting spirit of the troops. The spirit of daring, skill of fighting, the tenacity of holding on, absolute and stubborn refusal to lose heart, or to be intimidated or forced into despair by the sheer size of the attacking enemy, never entertaining even a grain of doubt, but always maintaining confidence and high morale. The troops must inspire confidence in one another and be one’s brother’s keepers.
The spirit of the forces depends on the innate nature of the people. Good training is necessary. It brings out the best of the potentialities of the troops. Training reinforces the spirit. The relationship between innate quality and training tends toward unity.
Military prowess is not a question of luck. It is earned. There are attendant conditions for military strength. These must be met. They include on the personal level, physical fitness, mental alertness, high morale and zeal; good training for fighting skill, mock war for experience; food and water supply; and adequate supplies of efficient, modern, devastating and intimidating arms.
The military must never take winning a battle for granted. There is no small army. There is no weak army. There is no small war. Whether the nation is big or small, rich or poor if it chooses to go to war it should be taken seriously. War is comparable to soccer. It depends on skill and not necessarily on size of participants A small nation can produce a team that defeats a bit nation. A battle could be most difficult, protracted and contrary to expectations, so the military needs to be prepared for the worst to find it easy to win the war,
The people must at all times think of innovation, and must never be complacent of the traditional system of militarism or warfare and thereby become bogged down and hampered, They must seek new ways and improvements. Within a short time a seemingly sophisticated system becomes obsolete. Innovations have always decided battles. Technological advancement in innovation does lead to superiority of one force over another.
A war could be short or protracted, In a war of short duration victory could be achieved in a blitzkrieg. But for a war that is not swiftly decided victory goes to the side having the superior combination of military expertise, production base, and technological innovation that can sustain it through the war.
Generally speaking victory of a nation in war is determined by three factors: the national attributes, the personnel qualities, and the tactical issues. The national attitudes include a large population to draw upon to mobilize more troops — sheer weight to frustrate and overwhelm the enemy as in the battle of Stalingrad, with the stream of Russian reinforcements in the face of decimation by the Germans; general intelligence of the people, and their innovation capacity. Massive economic and industrial base to chum out machines of war, and consumer goods; capacity to weather economic blockade by looking inward and coming out with substitute products or ersatzes, morale and the will to fight on wholeheartedly even to the last man readiness to sacrifice everything, and a scotched earth policy for victory. With this attitude a nation can put up a stiff resistance that somehow can lead to its victory or at least a stalemate against an invading force signally superior in all strategic considerations as the case of Vietnam against the United States.
The personal attributes include the fighting skill of the troops; the intelligence of the probing staff officers to grasp the changing conditions of battle and quickly re-adjust to suit the new situation. It is only an adroit operator who can take advantage of a superior weapon. Put a stealth bomber in the hand of a bumpkin and he could fly head on into the enemy radar.
The tactical issues encompass effective communication and co-ordination between the units, the effectiveness of the supply systems, a superb General Staff Headquarters to be at breast with the development in the front, and to handle a vastly large number of troops and to ensure co-operation, a clear-headedness in the High Command to give straight forward directives, and not directives that are at variance with one another thus creating a logjam; a sufficient number of a well trained officers both in theoretical and technical aspects of war; a sufficient number of highly trained Officers and Non Commissioned Officers (NCO) to take charge of the various arms and segments of the forces in The battlefield,
Military Genius — The Commander must be brave, self-assured, wise, prudent, conscientious, disciplined and capable of exacting pressure on others. Only the brave, self-assured and wise can be successful in their great enterprises.
A Commander is not an alpha and omega. Any other person can perform surprises as to be a work of genius and give victory to his nation’s army. David performed the inimitable feat against Goliath, had the philistines routed and secured an overwhelming victory for his nation, Israel. Achilles did same wonders for the Aegeans against the Trojan army. Napoleon had marched all through Central and Eastern Europe at lightning speed. But at Borodino in the Russian territory his myth of invincibility was deflated when the Russian army defied Kutuzov, their Commander- in-Chief and gave Napoleon a battle. His eventual and hurriedly retreat form Moscow and the subsequent routing of his vast army in that campaign could be traced to his punctured ego at Borodino (War and Peace — Leo Tolstoy). However there must be discipline in the army and the soldiers irrespective of their ability must not defy their command and go about sorties without his consent by proof or persuasion.
The military strength of a community should be measured not by it relative war potentials but by actualities its internal morale, quality of the armed forces, and the weapon system at its disposal.
Military Reorganization
Victory in war is the raison d’etre of the military. It therefore becomes necessary to carry out reforms to keep the military in tune with modernity. Success in battle lies on offensive action. Defensive action cannot win a battle; at best, it brings the battle to a stalemate. It behooves the state to give the military a much better capacity for offensive action while not neglecting defensive action.
It is the personnel that fight. They have to be skilful and agile. Skill can be acquired by training but there is no substitute for the physical fitness, the mental alertness, and the psychological disposition of the troops. Therefore get rid of the masses of half-prepared and largely. ossified men, well passed their middle ages, and replace them with youths in their 20ties, 30ties and forties with sharp reflexes, active men and women well coordinated, supple and flexible.
War is prosecuted with weapons. The military must keep abreast with innovation of weapons and replace obsolete weaponry with the latest development. This calls for a department of R & D in the ministry of military science and industries.
With the troops and weapon system in top gear the government should aim to industrialize the military, that is to make it efficient, more compact units, fewer men on the roll but having a more powerful punch.
Weapons Of War
There are two types of wars on the basis of weapons used:
(1) Conventional warfare (2) nuclear warfare. Conventional warfare is the common kind of wars. The weapons of this war include guns, artillery, tanks, grenades, bombs, jet bombers, jet fighters, SAM and other missiles, biological and chemical weapons. These kill singly or in restricted groups. Nuclear warfare is an outcome of an intensive scientific research and development. The weapons of this war are derived from either the fission or fusion of atoms and their derivatives resulting in high output of energy and radiation. The different kinds of nuclear weapons are atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb, cobalt bomb, neutron bomb, and their latter derivatives. These weapons lead to mass death and destruction. If the occurrence of arson and other forms of conflagration in public buildings, establishment and institutions as in Nigeria are anything to go by I would advocate that developing societies shoul4 not be trusted with nuclear facilities. On impulse some of the hotheaded people if they feel, even slightly aggrieved could blow the lid and wreak havoc on the world. Unless they become civilized and display mastery of their impulse entrusting nuclear facilities to them is like casting pearls before swine. Developing nations have no need to build nuclear weapons or any other devilish weapons of mass destruction, mega death, and annihilation. Having the technical capability may be all right but not to be put into production. As it may not be necessary to put them into use it is therefore a drain on the already paltry economy. Atomic bomb has been used only two times and it has not been a cause for glee. With all the ferocity of Vietnam War and national pride called into question America was not tempted to use it. U.S.S.R. did not use it in Afghanistan. Conventional warfare is the norm.
Wars are fought to maintain internal peace against dissidents, maintain national territorial integrity from external aggressors, or to safeguard one’s vital interests abroad. Aggression is characteristics of barbarism while negotiation and agreement mark civilization. The world is a civilized place now and war should become a rarity. When has there last been internal war in Britain, France, Germany, America, China, Japan, Nigeria Ghana, etc? Most of these countries have been involved in foreign wars as a matter of choice not as a result of threat to their security, it could be they are involved in these external wars to maintain world peace by providing defence to those weaker communities whose existence is threatened by bully neighbours. The most developed nations have not experienced any wars in modem times and are not threatened now. The proportion of nations in war or threatened by war is far too infinitesimal to warrant the huge investments in building up armaments.

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